Informatics Publishing Limited

Sanjoly ¹, Sonika Jindal ²

Affiliations
1 SBS State Technical Campus, Ferozepur, IN
2 Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engg, SBS State Technical Campus, Ferozepur, IN

Abstract

Over the last 10 years, the availability of large and steadily growing amounts of visual and multimedia data and the development of the Internet underline the need to create thematic access methods that offer more than simple text based queries or requests based on matching exact database fields. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) has been one of the most vivid research areas in the field of computer vision that is, the problem of searching for digital images in large databases. Content based" means that the search will analyze the actual contents of the image. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) aims at developing techniques that support effective searching and browsing of large image digital libraries based on automatically derived image features. In this Image retrieval system, query results are a set of images sorted by feature similarities with respect to the query. However images with high feature similarities to the query may be very different from the query in terms of semantics. Clustering is a form of unsupervised classification that aims at grouping data points based on similarity. In this paper, various clustering techniques are given. After reading all the technique we analyze that the complexity of computational terms is increasing subsequently.

Keywords

CBIR, Clustering, Fuzzy Clustering, K-Mean Clustering.

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Sarabjeet Kaur ¹, Sonika Jindal ¹

Affiliations
1 Shaheed Bhagat Singh State Technical Campus, Ferozepur, IN

Abstract

Steganography is an art of concealing information in information. It is hiding data in data technique. The main purpose of steganography is to hide the existence of secret information. Traditionally encryption is used for communication security but it does not hide the very existence of secret data. So now day‟s steganography is more popular than cryptography. Many different mediums can be used to conceal the secret information, but the images are most popular because of redundant bits. For concealing secret data in image, there is large number of steganographic techniques and every technique has its own pros and cons. In this paper, broadly the technique can be classified under two of categories, first is spatial domain and second is Transform domain. This paper gives thorough understanding and analysis of different existing digital image steganography techniques of data hiding in spatial and transform domains. It integrates recent research work of various authors.

Keywords

Decoding, Encoding, Image, Steganography.

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Nivedita ¹, Pardeep Singh ², Sonika Jindal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College of Engineering & Technology, Ferozepur, IN
2 Indo Global College, Mohali, IN

Abstract

The objective of the paper is to compare wavelet based image compression algorithm i.e. Set partition in hierarchical tree (SPIHT) and Fractal image compression algorithm. This paper analysis important features of wavelet transform and fractal coding in compression of still images, including the extent to which the quality of image is degraded by the process of compression and decompression. The above algorithms have been successfully implemented in MATLAB. The techniques are compared by using the performance parameters PSNR and MSE. SPIHT uses wavelet sub band decomposition and imposes a quad tree structure across the sub bands in order to exploit the inter-band correlation. Fractal Coding is new method of lossy image compression. Fractal image compression (FIC) is based on the partitioned iterated function system (PIFS) which utilizes the self-similarity property in the image to achieve the purpose of compression.

Keywords

Image Compression, Iterated Function System (IFS), Set Partition in Hierarchical Tree (SPIHT), Wavelet Transform.

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